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1 ἀνάθεμα
ἀνάθεμα, ατος, τό = ἀνατεθειμένον (ἀνατίθημι) ‘something placed’ or ‘set up’, H. Gk. form for the older (Hom. et al.) ἀνάθημα (Moeris 188; Phryn. 249 Lob.; s. SIG index).① that which is dedicated as a votive offering, a votive offering set up in a temple (Plut., Pelop. 291 [25, 7]; 2 Macc 2:13; Philo, Mos. 1, 253) Lk 21:5 v.l.② that which has been cursed, cursed, accursed (LXX as a rule=חֵרֶם: what is ‘devoted to the divinity’ can be either consecrated or accursed. The mng. of the word in the other NT passages moves definitely in the direction of the latter [like Num 21:3; Dt 7:26; Josh 6:17; 7:12; Judg 1:17; Zech 14:11, but also the curse-tablets from Megara, as IDefixWünsch 1, 17]) οὐδεὶς ἐν πνεύματι θεοῦ λαλῶν λέγει• ἀνάθεμα Ἰησοῦς no one who speaks by God’s Spirit says ‘Jesus be cursed’ 1 Cor 12:3 (on this subject Laud. Therap. 22 ὅταν ὁ δαίμων ἀλλοιώσας τὸν ἐνεργούμενον, ἐκεῖνος ὅλος λαλεῖ, τὸ στόμα τοῦ πάσχοντος ἴδιον τεχναζόμενος ὄργανον=when the divinity has altered the one it has influenced, then it is altogether the divinity that speaks, for it has skillfully made the victim’s mouth its own instrument; NBrox, BZ n.s. 12, ’68, 103–11). As a formula ἀνάθεμα ἔστω Gal 1:8f. For this ἤτω ἀ. 1 Cor 16:22. Likew. ηὐχόμην ἀνάθεμα εἶναι αὐτὸς ἐγὼ ἀπὸ τοῦ Χριστοῦ I could wish that I myself would be accursed ( and therefore separated) from Christ Ro 9:3 (CSchneider, D. Volks-u. Heimatgefühl b. Pls: Christentum u. Wissensch. 8, ’32, 1–14; PBratsiotis, Eine Notiz zu Rö 9:3 u. 10:1: NovT 5, ’62, 299f).③ the content that is expressed in a curse, a curse. The expr. ἀναθέματι ἀνεθεματίσαμεν ἑαυτοὺς μηδενὸς γεύσασθαι Ac 23:14 means that the conspirators bound themselves to the plot with a dreadful oath, so that if they failed the curse would fall upon them (ἀ. ἀναθεματίζειν as Dt 13:15; 20:17). S. Dssm., LO 74 (LAE 92f); Nägeli 49; Schürer II 432f; Billerb. IV 293–333: D. Synagogenbann.—S. also ἀνάθημα, a spelling that oft. alternates w. ἀνάθεμα in the texts, in so far as the fine distinction betw. ἀνάθημα=‘votive offering’ and ἀνάθεμα=‘a thing accursed’ is not observed.—GBornkamm, Das Ende des Gesetzes4 ’63, 123–32; KHofmann, RAC I 427–30.—EDNT I 80f. M-M. TW. Sv. -
2 ἀνάθημα
A that which is set up: hence, like ἄγαλμα, votive offering set up in a temple, Hdt.1.14,92, S.Ant. 286, etc.;ἀ. ἐκ λειτουργιῶν Lys.26.4
.2 used by Hom. only in first sense of ἄγαλμα, delight, ornament,μολπή τ' ὀρχηστύς τε· τὰ γάρ τ' ἀναθήματα δαιτός Od.1.152
, cf. 21.430, IG14.1390; τοῖς τεκοῦσιν ἀνάθημα βιότου, of children, E.Fr. 518, cf. Pl.Hp.Mi. 364b; to help deserving poverty isβασιλικοῦ πλούτου ἀ. καὶ κατασκεύασμα λαμπρότατον D.H.19.14
.3 of a slave in a temple, ἀ. πόλεως devoted to this service by the city, E. Ion 310.—Cf. ἀνάθεμα.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀνάθημα
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3 ἀνάκειμαι
A to be laid up as a votive offering in the temple, to be dedicated,κρητῆρές οἱ.. ἓξ χρύσεοι ἀνακέαται Hdt.1.14
;ἀ. ἐν ἱρῷ Id.2.135
;πρὸς τοῖς ἱεροῖς Lys.10.28
: metaph.,αἶνος Ὀλυμπιονίκαις ἄγκειται Pi.O.11(10).8
, cf.13.36; λόγος τῷ θεῷ ἀ, Pl.Smp. 197e; .b to be set up as a statue in public,Σόλων ἀνάκειται παράδειγμα D.19.251
, cf. IG14.1389i8;χρύσεοί κ' ἀνεκείμεθα Theoc.10.33
, cf. Lycurg. 51.2 to be ascribed or offered,αἱ πράξεις ἀ. τινι Plu.Lyc.1
;ἡ ἡγεμονία ἀ. τινι Id.Arist.15
;ἐς τοὺς ἀστέρας τοὺς ἑπτὰ.. τὰς ἡμέρας ἀνακεῖσθαι D.C.37.18
, cf. Polem.Cyn.15.II πᾶν or πάντα ἀνάκειται ἔς τινα everything is referred to a person, depends on his will, Hdt.1.97, 3.31: so c. dat. pers., πάντων ἀνακειμένων τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις ἐς τὰς ναῦς since they had their whole fortunes depending on their ships, Th.7.71;ἐπὶ σοὶ τάδε πάντ' ἀνάκειται Ar.Av. 638
;ἅπαντα.. ἐπὶ τῇ τύχῃ μᾶλλον ἀ. ἢ τῇ προνοίᾳ Antipho 5.6
; of persons,σοὶ ἀνακείμεσθα E.Ba. 934
; εἰς θάνατον ἦν ἀνακείμενα τοῖς ἀλογήσασι the death penalty was reserved for.., J.AJ17.6.5; .Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀνάκειμαι
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4 ἀνάθημα
ἀνάθημα, ατος, τό (ἀνατίθημι ‘to set up’; on the forms ἀνάθημα and ἀνάθεμα s. DELG s.v. τίθημι) (Hom.+) a dedication to a deity, votive offering (since Soph., Ant. 286; Hdt. 1, 14; 92; ins, pap; 3 Macc 3:17; Jdth 16:19; TestSol 2:1 D; EpArist 40; Philo; Jos., Bell. 6, 335, Ant. 17, 156 al.) Lk 21:5 (the expr. used here, ἀναθήμασι κοσμεῖν: Hdt. 1, 183, 3; Ps.-Pla., Alcib. 2, 12, 148c; Epict. in Stob. 59 Sch.; 2 Macc 9:16). S. ἀνάθεμα.—M-M. TW.
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